The steam volatile compounds among the following are: (A) 2-nitrophenol (OH and NO₂ ortho), (B) 2-nitroaniline (NH₂ and…
Amines · Class 12 · JEE Main Previous Year Question
The steam volatile compounds among the following are:
(A) 2-nitrophenol (OH and NO₂ ortho), (B) 2-nitroaniline (NH₂ and NO₂ ortho), (C) 4-aminophenol (NH₂ and OH para), (D) 4-nitroaniline (NH₂ and NO₂ para)
- a
(B) and (D) only
- b
(A) and (C) only
- c✓
(A) and (B) only
- d
(A), (B) and (C) only
(A) and (B) only
Step 1 — Steam volatility and H-bonding
Steam volatile = intramolecular H-bonding → less water-soluble → can be steam distilled.
Intermolecular H-bonding → water-soluble → NOT steam volatile.
Step 2 — Evaluate
(A) 2-Nitrophenol: ortho OH···NO₂ → intramolecular H-bond → steam volatile ✓
(B) 2-Nitroaniline: ortho NH₂···NO₂ → intramolecular H-bond → steam volatile ✓
(C) 4-Aminophenol: para → no intramolecular H-bond → intermolecular → NOT steam volatile ✗
(D) 4-Nitroaniline: para → no intramolecular H-bond → NOT steam volatile ✗
Answer: (A) and (B) only → Option (c)
Key Points to Remember:
- Ortho isomers: intramolecular H-bond → steam volatile, lower bp
- Para isomers: intermolecular H-bond → NOT steam volatile, higher bp
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