JEE Main · 2021 · Shift-ImediumBOND-164

Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R: Assertion A: Lithium halides are somewhat covalent in…

Chemical Bonding · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R:

Assertion A: Lithium halides are somewhat covalent in nature.

Reason R: Lithium possesses high polarisation capability.

Choose the most appropriate answer:

Options
  1. a

    A is true but R is false

  2. b

    A is false but R is true

  3. c

    Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

  4. d

    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Correct Answerd

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Detailed Solution

🧠 Lithium (Li+\mathrm{Li^+}) is the smallest alkali metal cation — its high charge density (charge/radius ratio) makes it an unusually polarizing cation for an alkali metal.

🗺️ Evaluate Assertion A:

Lithium halides (LiF, LiCl, LiBr, LiI) are classified as ionic but show measurable covalent character — for example, LiI is significantly covalent and soluble in organic solvents.

A is TRUE

Evaluate Reason R:

Li+\mathrm{Li^+} has the smallest ionic radius among alkali metals (76 pm) and charge +1. Polarizing power = charge/radius. Despite low charge, the tiny radius gives Li+\mathrm{Li^+} the highest polarizing power among alkali metal ions → distorts anion electron cloud → introduces covalent character (Fajans' rules).

R is TRUE ✓ and R correctly explains A

⚡ LiI is the most covalent Li halide (I⁻ is most polarizable). Even LiF shows more covalent character than NaF or KF due to small Li+\mathrm{Li^+}.

Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A\boxed{\text{Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A}}

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Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R: Assertion A: Lithium halides are… (JEE Main 2021) | Canvas Classes