JEE Main · 2021 · Shift-ImediumBOND-169

Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R: Assertion A: Lithium halides are somewhat covalent in…

Chemical Bonding · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R:

Assertion A: Lithium halides are somewhat covalent in nature.

Reason R: Lithium possesses high polarisation capability.

Choose the most appropriate answer:

Options
  1. a

    A is true but R is false

  2. b

    A is false but R is true

  3. c

    Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

  4. d

    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Correct Answerd

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Detailed Solution

🧠 Lithium (Li+\mathrm{Li^+}) has the smallest ionic radius among alkali metal cations, giving it the highest charge density and polarizing power.

🗺️ Evaluate Assertion A:

Lithium halides show measurable covalent character compared to other alkali metal halides (LiI is notably covalent, soluble in organic solvents).

A is TRUE

Evaluate Reason R:

Li+\mathrm{Li^+} ionic radius = 76 pm (smallest alkali metal cation). High polarizing power (∝ charge/radius) → distorts the anion electron cloud significantly → introduces covalent character in Li–X bonds (Fajans' rule 2: small cation increases covalent character).

R is TRUE ✓ and correctly explains A ✓

⚡ Even though all alkali metals have +1 charge, Li+\mathrm{Li^+} is special because its small size creates unusually high charge density, making LiX compounds measurably covalent.

Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A\boxed{\text{Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A}}

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Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R: Assertion A: Lithium halides are… (JEE Main 2021) | Canvas Classes