JEE Main · 2020 · Shift-IeasyPERI-081

In general, the property (magnitudes only) that shows an opposite trend in comparison to other properties across a…

Classification of Elements & Periodicity · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

In general, the property (magnitudes only) that shows an opposite trend in comparison to other properties across a period is:

Options
  1. a

    Ionization enthalpy

  2. b

    Electronegativity

  3. c

    Electron gain enthalpy

  4. d

    Atomic radius

Correct Answerd

Atomic radius

Detailed Solution

🧠 Across a period: IEIE, electronegativity, and ΔegH|\Delta_{eg}H| all rise. Atomic radius is the only one that falls The three "attraction-related" properties (IE, EN, EGE magnitude) all measure how strongly an atom holds or pulls electrons. Across a period, ZeffZ_{eff} rises, so all three magnitudes rise together. Atomic radius measures the SIZE — and as the same-shell electrons are pulled closer by more protons, the atom shrinks.

🗺️ Compare directions across a period Ionization enthalpy: increases (electrons harder to remove). Electronegativity: increases (atom pulls bonded electrons harder). Electron gain enthalpy magnitude: increases (becomes more negative, so ΔegH|\Delta_{eg}H| rises). Atomic radius: decreases — opposite direction.

The question asks which property's magnitude moves opposite to the others. Atomic radius.

⚠️ The trap Some students pick (c) electron gain enthalpy because they remember "ΔegH\Delta_{eg}H becomes more negative" and confuse "more negative" with "decreasing". The question says "magnitudes only" — so we are comparing EGE|EGE|, which rises across a period like the other attraction properties. Only atomic radius shrinks.

Answer: (d)\boxed{\text{Answer: (d)}}

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