JEE Main · 2020 · Shift-IImediumEC-020

For the given cell: {Cu(s)|Cu^{2+}(C_1\ M)\|Cu^{2+}(C_2\ M)|Cu(s)} change in Gibbs energy ( G) is negative, if:

Electrochemistry · Class 12 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

For the given cell: Cu(s)Cu2+(C1 M)Cu2+(C2 M)Cu(s)\mathrm{Cu(s)|Cu^{2+}(C_1\ M)\|Cu^{2+}(C_2\ M)|Cu(s)} change in Gibbs energy (ΔG\Delta G) is negative, if:

Options
  1. a

    C1=C2C_1 = C_2

  2. b

    C2=C12C_2 = \frac{C_1}{\sqrt{2}}

  3. c

    C1=2C2C_1 = 2C_2

  4. d

    C2=2 C1C_2 = \sqrt{2}\ C_1

Correct Answerd

C2=2 C1C_2 = \sqrt{2}\ C_1

Detailed Solution

Strategy: For a concentration cell with identical electrodes, ΔG\Delta G is negative (spontaneous) if EcellE_{\text{cell}} is positive. Apply the Nernst Equation where E°cell=0E°_{\text{cell}} = 0.

Step 1: Cell reaction Anode: \ceCuCu2+(C1)+2e\ce{Cu \rightarrow Cu^{2+}(C_1) + 2e^-} Cathode: \ceCu2+(C2)+2eCu\ce{Cu^2+(C2) + 2e^- \rightarrow Cu} Net: \ceCu2+(C2)Cu2+(C1)\ce{Cu^{2+}(C_2) \rightarrow Cu^{2+}(C_1)}

Step 2: Condition for spontaneity Ecell=0.0592logC1C2E_{\text{cell}} = -\frac{0.059}{2} \log\frac{C_1}{C_2} For Ecell>0E_{\text{cell}} > 0: log(C1/C2)<0    C1<C2\log(C_1/C_2) < 0 \implies C_1 < C_2.

Step 3: Evaluate options Among given options, C2=2C1C_2 = \sqrt{2}C_1 satisfies C2>C1C_2 > C_1.

Answer: (d) C2=2C1\boxed{\text{Answer: (d) } C_2 = \sqrt{2} C_1}

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