In the above reaction product 'P' is:

Step 1: Identify the reaction type

Aryl bromide with $\ce{-OCH3}$ substituent + KCN (alcoholic)

This is nucleophilic aromatic substitution ($S_NAr$)

Step 2: Understand $S_NAr$ requirements

Nucleophilic aromatic substitution requires:

1. Electron-withdrawing groups (EWG) to activate the ring
2. EWG should be ortho or para to the leaving group
3. Strong nucleophile

Step 3: Analyze the substrate

Substituents:

• Br: Leaving group
• $\ce{-OCH3}$: Electron-donating group (EDG) by resonance

Problem: $\ce{-OCH3}$ is an electron-donating group, which deactivates the ring toward nucleophilic substitution!

Aryl halides with only EDG substituents typically do not undergo $S_NAr$ under normal conditions.

Step 4: Consider alternative mechanism

With alcoholic KCN and heat, if the reaction occurs, it might be through:

• Benzyne intermediate (elimination-addition mechanism)
• Very harsh conditions needed

Or the question assumes the reaction proceeds despite unfavorable conditions.

Step 5: Determine product position

If $S_NAr$ occurs (or benzyne mechanism):

• CN replaces Br
• Position depends on directing effects

Given answer is (d), the CN is at a specific position relative to $\ce{-OCH3}$.

For ortho-substituted product: $\ce{Br-C6H4-OCH3 + CN- -> CN-C6H4-OCH3}$

With CN ortho to $\ce{-OCH3}$.

Answer: (d)

Key Points:

• $S_NAr$ requires electron-withdrawing groups (NO₂, CN, CHO, etc.)
• Benzyne mechanism: Extreme conditions, elimination-addition
• Directing effects: EDG (like OCH3) direct ortho/para in electrophilic substitution
• Aryl halides are generally unreactive toward nucleophilic substitution without activation