JEE Main · 2021 · Shift-IImediumHC-080

Which one of the following carbonyl compound cannot be prepared by addition of water on an alkyne in the presence of…

Hydrocarbons · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

Which one of the following carbonyl compound cannot be prepared by addition of water on an alkyne in the presence of \ceHgSO4\ce{HgSO4} and \ceH2SO4\ce{H2SO4}? image

Options
  1. a

    A

  2. b

    B

  3. c

    C

  4. d

    D

Correct Answera

A

Detailed Solution

image Step 1: Hydration mechanism with HgSO4/H2SO4

Markovnikov addition of water to alkyne:

  • Terminal alkynes give methyl ketones (OH on internal C)
  • Ethyne gives acetaldehyde (only exception)
  • Internal alkynes give ketones

Step 2: Evaluate Options

(a) Propanal \ceCH3CH2CHO\ce{CH3CH2CHO}: An aldehyde where the CHO is at terminal position. To get this from propyne, water must add anti-Markovnikov (OH on terminal C). \ceHgSO4/H2SO4\ce{HgSO4/H2SO4} follows Markovnikov, so this CANNOT be prepared this way. Answer: (a)

(b) Methyl ethyl ketone: From 1-butyne by Markovnikov hydration. Possible.

(c) Cyclohexanone: From cyclohexyne (internal alkyne). Possible.

(d) Acetaldehyde: From ethyne (unique case, gives \ceCH3CHO\ce{CH3CHO}). Possible.

Key Points:

  • \ceHgSO4/H2SO4\ce{HgSO4/H2SO4} hydration follows Markovnikov rule
  • Terminal alkynes give methyl ketones (not aldehydes) except ethyne
  • Propanal requires anti-Markovnikov hydration (use hydroboration-oxidation)

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Which one of the following carbonyl compound cannot be prepared by addition of water on an alkyne… (JEE Main 2021) | Canvas Classes