JEE Main · 2023 · Shift-IImediumPB12-038

A chloride salt solution acidified with dil. HNO3 gives a curdy white precipitate, [A], on addition of AgNO3. [A] on…

p-Block Elements (Class 12) · Class 12 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

A chloride salt solution acidified with dil. HNO3\mathrm{HNO_3} gives a curdy white precipitate, [A], on addition of AgNO3\mathrm{AgNO_3}. [A] on treatment with NH4OH\mathrm{NH_4OH} gives a clear solution, B. A and B respectively are:

Options
  1. a

    H[AgCl3]\mathrm{H[AgCl_3]} and [Ag(NH3)2]Cl[\mathrm{Ag(NH_3)_2}]\mathrm{Cl}

  2. b

    H[AgCl3]\mathrm{H[AgCl_3]} and (NH4)[Ag(OH)2](\mathrm{NH_4})[\mathrm{Ag(OH)_2}]

  3. c

    AgCl\mathrm{AgCl} and [Ag(NH3)2]Cl[\mathrm{Ag(NH_3)_2}]\mathrm{Cl}

  4. d

    AgCl\mathrm{AgCl} and (NH4)[Ag(OH)2](\mathrm{NH_4})[\mathrm{Ag(OH)_2}]

Correct Answerc

AgCl\mathrm{AgCl} and [Ag(NH3)2]Cl[\mathrm{Ag(NH_3)_2}]\mathrm{Cl}

Detailed Solution

Strategy: Use the solubility rules and coordination chemistry of transition metal halides.

Step 1: Solubility and Reaction Silver chloride (\ceAgCl)(\ce{AgCl}) is an insoluble white precipitate. However, it dissolves in aqueous ammonia (\ceNH4OH)(\ce{NH4OH}) or dilute ammonium hydroxide due to the formation of a soluble coordinate complex.

Step 2: Complex Formation The reaction is: \ceAgCl(s)+2NH4OH(aq)[Ag(NH3)2]Cl(aq)+2H2O\ce{AgCl_{(s)} + 2NH4OH_{(aq)} \to [Ag(NH3)2]Cl_{(aq)} + 2H2O} The product is the diamminesilver(I) chloride complex.

Answer: (Option) [c] \ceAgCl and \ce[Ag(NH3)2]Cl\boxed{\text{Answer: (Option) [c] $\ce{AgCl}$ and $\ce{ [Ag(NH3)_2]Cl}$}}

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