The period number in the long form of periodic table is equal to

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Strategy:
 Periods in the periodic table represent the filling of horizontal rows. An element's period reflects the number of shells that contain electrons in its ground state.

Step 1: Define the relationship
The period number in the periodic table corresponds to the highest principal quantum number () found in the electronic configuration of an atom in its ground state.
For example:
- Lithium (): Highest , so Period 2.
- Potassium (): Highest , so Period 4.

Step 2: Elimination
- Magnetic quan

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