A d-shell containing 4 unpaired can exchange electrons.

Question

A d-shell containing 4 unpaired  can exchange  electrons.

Canvas Classes · Accepted Answer

Step 1: Exchange energy concept

Exchange energy arises when electrons with the same spin can exchange positions. The number of exchange pairs among  electrons of the same spin is .

Step 2: Configuration of d-shell with 4 unpaired electrons

A d-subshell with 4 unpaired electrons:  configuration (e.g., Cr²⁺, Mn³⁺)

All 4 unpaired electrons have the same spin (↑).

Step 3: Count exchange pairs

Number of exchange pairs

Each exchange pair represents one exchange interaction, so the number of

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