Given below are two statements: Statement I: O2, Cu2+ and Fe3+ are weakly attracted by magnetic field and are…

🧠 Distinguish between paramagnetic (weakly attracted, magnetized in same direction as field) and diamagnetic (weakly repelled, magnetized opposite to field) substances.

🗺️ Evaluate Statement I — $\mathrm{O_2}$, $\mathrm{Cu^{2+}}$, $\mathrm{Fe^{3+}}$ are paramagnetic:

• $\mathrm{O_2}$: 2 unpaired electrons (in degenerate $\pi^*_{2p}$) → paramagnetic → attracted by field, magnetized in same direction ✓
• $\mathrm{Cu^{2+}}$: $3d^9$, 1 unpaired electron → paramagnetic ✓
• $\mathrm{Fe^{3+}}$: $3d^5$, 5 unpaired electrons → paramagnetic ✓

Statement I is TRUE ✓

Evaluate Statement II — NaCl and $\mathrm{H_2O}$ are weakly magnetized in opposite direction to the field:

• NaCl: all electrons paired → diamagnetic → weakly repelled and magnetized opposite to applied field ✓
• $\mathrm{H_2O}$: all electrons paired → diamagnetic → same behaviour ✓

Statement II is TRUE ✓

$\boxed{\text{Answer: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct}}$