JEE Main · 2022 · Shift-ImediumATOM-138

Assertion A: Energy of 2s orbital of hydrogen atom is greater than that of 2s orbital of lithium. Reason R: Energies of…

Structure of Atom · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

Assertion A: Energy of 2s orbital of hydrogen atom is greater than that of 2s orbital of lithium. Reason R: Energies of the orbitals in the same subshell decrease with increase in the atomic number.

Choose the correct answer:

Options
  1. a

    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. b

    Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

  3. c

    A is true but R is false.

  4. d

    A is false but R is true.

Correct Answera

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Detailed Solution

🧠 The Nuclear Grip Energy of an electron is like a debt. The more protons (ZZ) pulling on an orbital, the "deeper" the debt (lower/more negative the energy).

🗺️ The Atomic Audit

  • Assertion A: TRUE. Lithium (Z=3Z=3) has a much stronger positive nucleus than Hydrogen (Z=1Z=1). It pulls its 2s electrons much closer, making their energy more negative (lower). Thus, the energy of H(2s) is "higher" (less negative) than Li(2s).
  • Reason R: TRUE. As ZZ increases, the electrostatic attraction VZ/rV \propto -Z/r becomes stronger, pulling all orbitals to lower energy levels.

Since the stronger pull of ZZ is exactly why the lithium well is deeper, Reason R is the correct explanation.

The "Sun-Gravity" Analogy A planet around a massive star (Lithium) is held in a tighter, deeper orbit than a planet around a small star (Hydrogen).

⚠️ Common Traps Don't confuse "greater energy" with "greater stability." Stability is low energy. Hydrogen's 2s is "higher" on the energy chart (closer to zero).

Answer: (a)\boxed{\text{Answer: (a)}}

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Assertion A: Energy of 2s orbital of hydrogen atom is greater than that of 2s orbital of lithium.… (JEE Main 2022) | Canvas Classes