JEE Main · 2019 · Shift-IImediumTHERMO-053

Combination of plots which does NOT represent isothermal expansion of an ideal gas is:

Thermodynamics · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

Combination of plots which does NOT represent isothermal expansion of an ideal gas is: image

Options
  1. a

    (A) and (D)

  2. b

    (B) and (C)

  3. c

    (B) and (D)

  4. d

    (A) and (C)

Correct Answerc

(B) and (D)

Detailed Solution

🧠 Isothermal expansion of ideal gas: T=constT = \text{const}, PV=constPV = \text{const}, ΔU=0\Delta U = 0 Any plot that violates these three conditions does NOT represent isothermal expansion.

🗺️ What each plot must show For isothermal expansion:

  • PPVV graph: hyperbola (P1/VP \propto 1/V) — PP decreases as VV increases ✓
  • PPTT graph: horizontal line (TT = constant) ✓
  • VVTT graph: vertical line (TT = constant) ✓
  • ΔU\Delta U vs anything: zero (for ideal gas, isothermal) ✓
  • PPVV product: constant (Boyle's Law) ✓

Plots B and D in the figure show relationships that contradict isothermal conditions — for example, showing TT changing or PVPV not constant — making them the incorrect pair.

⚠️ Trap: An adiabatic expansion also has decreasing pressure with increasing volume, but the curve is steeper than an isotherm. Don't confuse the two on a PPVV diagram.

Answer: (c)\boxed{\text{Answer: (c)}}

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