JEE Main · 2019 · Shift-IIeasyTHERMO-029

Given: (i) C(graphite) + O2(g) CO2(g); H = x (ii) C(graphite) + 12O2(g) CO(g); H = y (iii) CO(g) + 12O2(g) CO2(g); H =…

Thermodynamics · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

Given: (i) C(graphite)+O2(g)CO2(g);ΔH=x\text{C}(graphite) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g); \Delta H = x (ii) C(graphite)+12O2(g)CO(g);ΔH=y\text{C}(graphite) + \frac{1}{2}\text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}(g); \Delta H = y (iii) CO(g)+12O2(g)CO2(g);ΔH=z\text{CO}(g) + \frac{1}{2}\text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g); \Delta H = z

Which algebraic relationship is correct?

Options
  1. a

    x=y+zx = y + z

  2. b

    z=x+yz = x + y

  3. c

    y=2zxy = 2z - x

  4. d

    x=yzx = y - z

Correct Answera

x=y+zx = y + z

Detailed Solution

🧠 Hess's Law: two routes to the same product must give the same total enthalpy \ceCO2\ce{CO2} can be made from carbon in two steps (via CO) or in one step directly. Both paths start at the same point and end at the same point.

🗺️ Applying Hess's Law Route 1 (direct): \ceC+O2>CO2\ce{C + O2 -> CO2}, ΔH=x\Delta H = x

Route 2 (two steps): \ceC+1/2O2>CO\ce{C + 1/2 O2 -> CO} (ΔH=y\Delta H = y), then \ceCO+1/2O2>CO2\ce{CO + 1/2 O2 -> CO2} (ΔH=z\Delta H = z).

Since both routes start and end at the same state: x=y+zx = y + z

This is just Hess's Law — the sum of the two-step route equals the single-step route.

⚠️ Trap: Options (b)–(d) rearrange the terms incorrectly. Only (a) correctly adds the two steps to give the direct route.

Answer: (a)\boxed{\text{Answer: (a)}}

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Given: (i) C(graphite) + O2(g) CO2(g); H = x (ii) C(graphite) + 12O2(g) CO(g); H = y (iii) CO(g) +… (JEE Main 2019) | Canvas Classes