An open beaker of water in equilibrium with water vapour is in a sealed container. When a few grams of glucose are added to the beaker of water, the rate at which water molecules:

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Step 1 — Effect of glucose on water:
Glucose is a non-volatile solute. When added to water:
- It lowers the vapour pressure of water (Raoult's law)
- The mole fraction of water decreases

Step 2 — Effect on rates:
- Rate of evaporation (water leaving solution) ∝ vapour pressure of solution  decreases ✓
- Rate of condensation (water leaving vapour) depends on vapour pressure of water in gas phase  initially unchanged

Step 3 — New equilibrium:
Since rate of evaporation < rate of condensation, net

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