Consider the following molecules and statements:

(A) 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid)
(B) 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (para-hydroxybenzoic acid)

(a) (B) is more likely to be crystalline than (A)
(b)

Question

Consider the following molecules and statements:

(A) 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid)
(B) 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (para-hydroxybenzoic acid)

(a) (B) is more likely to be crystalline than (A)
(b) (B) has higher boiling point than (A)
(c) (B) dissolves more readily than (A) in water

Identify the correct option:

Canvas Classes · Accepted Answer

Step 1 — Compare A (2-hydroxybenzoic acid) and B (4-hydroxybenzoic acid):

A (salicylic acid, ortho):
- Has intramolecular H-bond between –OH and –COOH
- Less intermolecular H-bonding → less crystalline, lower melting point
- Less soluble in water (intramolecular H-bond reduces interaction with water)

B (para-hydroxybenzoic acid):
- No intramolecular H-bonding possible (groups are far apart)
- Extensive intermolecular H-bonding → more crystalline ✓
- Higher melting/boiling point ✓
- More solubl

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