JEE Main · 2024 · Shift-IIhardPERI-013

The correct order of the first ionization enthalpy is:

Classification of Elements & Periodicity · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

The correct order of the first ionization enthalpy is:

Options
  1. a

    Al > Ga > Tl

  2. b

    Ga > Al > B

  3. c

    Tl > Ga > Al

  4. d

    B > Ga > Al

Correct Answerd

B > Ga > Al

Detailed Solution

🧠 d-block contraction keeps Ga's IE close to Al Down Group 13, IE normally drops. But Ga follows the filling of the 3d subshell. The 3d electrons shield poorly, so the effective nuclear charge on Ga's valence electrons is higher than expected. This makes Ga's IE nearly the same as Al's (actually slightly higher). image 🗺️ The ranking B (Z=5Z=5, smallest size) has the highest IE. Then the d-block contraction effect means Ga (IE=579kJ mol1IE = 579\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}) is slightly above Al (IE=577kJ mol1IE = 577\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}). So: \ceB>\ceGa>\ceAl\ce{B} > \ce{Ga} > \ce{Al}.

The correct is \ceB>\ceGa>\ceAl\ce{B} > \ce{Ga} > \ce{Al}

⚠️ Common mistake Many students assume IE always decreases smoothly down a group. The 3d contraction in Ga breaks this.

Answer: (d)\boxed{\text{Answer: (d)}}

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