The third ionization enthalpy is minimum for:
Classification of Elements & Periodicity · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question
The third ionization enthalpy is minimum for:
- a
Co
- b✓
Fe
- c
Ni
- d
Mn
Fe
🧠 is minimum for Fe because removing the third electron lands you on the stable half-filled state means going from to . Whichever transition gives you a particularly stable product configuration will be the easiest — and a half-filled has extra stability from exchange energy.
🗺️ Look at configurations and what they become as Mn (): is (already half-filled, very stable). Removing one electron destroys this stable state — is HIGH. Fe (): is . Removing one electron gives — perfectly half-filled. The product is stable, so is LOW. Co (): is . Going to — no special stability gained. Ni (): is . Going to — no special stability.
So Fe uniquely benefits from landing on during the third ionization. Minimum is for Fe.
⚠️ The trap Many students pick Mn thinking "Mn²⁺ is , that's stable, so easy to ionize". This reasoning is exactly backwards. The starting state being stable means it RESISTS losing electrons (high ). What helps is when the FINAL state () is the stable half-filled config. That happens for Fe, not Mn.
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