The correct statement about [Ni(CO)4] and [Ni(CN)4]2- is:
Coordination Compounds · Class 12 · JEE Main Previous Year Question
The correct statement about and is:
- a
Both are paramagnetic and square planar
- b✓
Both are diamagnetic; [Ni(CO)₄] is tetrahedral and [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ is square planar
- c
Both are diamagnetic and tetrahedral
- d
[Ni(CO)₄] is paramagnetic tetrahedral; [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ is diamagnetic square planar
Both are diamagnetic; [Ni(CO)₄] is tetrahedral and [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ is square planar
🧠 Same Metal, Same d-Count, Different Geometries
Both complexes have in oxidation state 0 (with CO) or +2 (with ). The crucial trick is that two different ligand environments produce two different geometries for the same metal:
- : is , is a strong-field -acceptor → sp³ tetrahedral, all electrons paired → diamagnetic.
- : is , is strong-field → forces pairing in d-orbitals → dsp² square planar → diamagnetic.
Both diamagnetic, but geometries differ — that's option (2).
🗺️ Verify Each
. Ni: . With CO bonding, Ni promotes to configuration ("zero-valent"). All ten d-electrons paired. Hybridisation sp³. Diamagnetic.
. : . pairs the d-electrons → vacant 3d orbital → dsp² hybridisation → square planar. Diamagnetic.
⚡ The "Strong Field, Specific Geometry" Pair
Memorise these two together:
- + → tetrahedral ().
- + → square planar (, low-spin).
JEE asks variants of this every other year.
⚠️ The "Both Tetrahedral" Reflex
Option (3) ("both diamagnetic and tetrahedral") is bait. Students who only learned "Ni → tetrahedral" miss that with strong-field ligands flips to square planar. The d-count and ligand strength together determine geometry — never just metal identity.
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