The hybridisation and magnetic nature of [Ni(CO)4] and [Ni(CN)4]2- respectively are:
Coordination Compounds · Class 12 · JEE Main Previous Year Question
The hybridisation and magnetic nature of and respectively are:
- a
sp³, paramagnetic and dsp², diamagnetic
- b
dsp², diamagnetic and sp³, paramagnetic
- c✓
sp³, diamagnetic and dsp², diamagnetic
- d
dsp², paramagnetic and sp³, diamagnetic
sp³, diamagnetic and dsp², diamagnetic
🧠 Same Two Complexes, Hybridisation Tag
Restating CORD-033's physics in VBT (valence-bond theory) language:
- : Ni⁰, → tetrahedral, diamagnetic.
- : Ni²⁺, low-spin → square planar, diamagnetic.
Both diamagnetic, but the hybridisations differ — that's option (3).
🗺️ VBT Walk-Through
. Ground state Ni: . CO drives all 10 electrons into 3d as , freeing 4s and 4p for sp³ hybridisation. Four CO lone pairs slot in. All paired → diamagnetic.
. Ni²⁺ has . (strong field) pairs the unpaired 3d electron, leaving one inner 3d orbital empty. Hybridise: 3d (1) + 4s (1) + 4p (2) = dsp². Geometry: square planar. All electrons paired → diamagnetic.
⚡ The "Inner vs Outer" Tag
VBT classifies octahedral and four-coordinate complexes as inner-orbital (uses (n−1)d, e.g. or ) when ligand is strong-field, and outer-orbital (uses nd, e.g. ) when ligand is weak-field. For Ni²⁺ + CN⁻: inner. For Ni⁰ + CO: 3d is full (), so no d-orbital is needed in the hybrid — sp³ alone.
⚠️ The "Always sp³d² for Octahedral / Tetrahedral" Reflex
There's no octahedral Ni complex here. Don't reach for sp³d² when the geometry is tetrahedral or square planar. Match the hybridisation to the coordination number and geometry first, not to a memorised metal-ligand combo.
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