The Molarity (M) of an aqueous solution containing 5.85 g of NaCl in 500 mL water is: (Given: Molar Mass Na: 23 and Cl:…

Strategy:\n> Molarity ($M$) is a concentration term that defines the number of moles of solute present in exactly one liter of a solution. Calculate the moles of $\ce{NaCl}$ and divide by the volume in liters.\n\nStep 1: Calculate the molar mass of } \ce{NaCl} \text{\n- Atomic mass of $\ce{Na} = 23\\text{ g/mol}$\n- Atomic mass of $\ce{Cl} = 35.5\\text{ g/mol}$\n- Molar mass $= 23 + 35.5 = 58.5\\text{ g/mol}$\n\nStep 2: Determine moles of } \ce{NaCl} \text{\n$n = \\frac{w}{M} = \\frac{5.85\\text{ g}}{58.5\\text{ g/mol}} = 0.1\\text{ mol}$\n\nStep 3: Calculate Molarity ($M$)\nVolume = 500 mL = 0.5 L.\n$M = \\frac{0.1\\text{ mol}}{0.5\\text{ L}} = 0.2\\text{ M}$\n\n$\boxed{\\text{Answer: (4)}}$