JEE Main · 2020 · Shift-IeasyBOND-166

If the boiling point of H2O is 373 K, the boiling point of H2S will be:

Chemical Bonding · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

If the boiling point of H2O\mathrm{H_2O} is 373 K, the boiling point of H2S\mathrm{H_2S} will be:

Options
  1. a

    Less than 300 K

  2. b

    Equal to 373 K

  3. c

    More than 373 K

  4. d

    Greater than 300 K but less than 373 K

Correct Answera

Less than 300 K

Detailed Solution

🧠 Compare H2O\mathrm{H_2O} and H2S\mathrm{H_2S}: water's high boiling point (373 K) is due to extensive hydrogen bonding. Sulfur is not electronegative enough to support H-bonding.

🗺️ Key difference:

  • H2O\mathrm{H_2O}: O is highly electronegative → strong O–H···O H-bonds → high bp = 373 K
  • H2S\mathrm{H_2S}: S is not electronegative enough → no H-bonding → only weak van der Waals forces hold molecules together

Expected boiling point of H2S\mathrm{H_2S}:

Without H-bonding, H2S\mathrm{H_2S} relies on dispersion forces only. bp(H2S\mathrm{H_2S}) ≈ 213 K (−60 °C), which is significantly below 300 K.

⚡ The anomalously high bp of H2O\mathrm{H_2O} compared to H2S\mathrm{H_2S}, H2Se\mathrm{H_2Se}, and H2Te\mathrm{H_2Te} is direct evidence of hydrogen bonding.

Answer: Less than 300 K\boxed{\text{Answer: Less than 300 K}}

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