JEE Main · 2020 · Shift-IeasyBOND-151

The predominant intermolecular forces present in ethyl acetate, a liquid, are:

Chemical Bonding · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question

Question

The predominant intermolecular forces present in ethyl acetate, a liquid, are:

Options
  1. a

    London dispersion and dipole–dipole

  2. b

    Hydrogen bonding and London dispersion

  3. c

    Dipole–dipole and hydrogen bonding

  4. d

    London dispersion, dipole–dipole and hydrogen bonding

Correct Answera

London dispersion and dipole–dipole

Detailed Solution

🧠 Ethyl acetate (CH3COOC2H5\mathrm{CH_3COOC_2H_5}) is a polar ester — it has a net dipole moment but no O–H or N–H groups, so it cannot form H-bonds as a donor.

🗺️ Identify the intermolecular forces:

  • London dispersion forces: Present in ALL molecules (due to instantaneous dipoles) ✓
  • Dipole–dipole forces: Ethyl acetate has a polar C=O and C–O bonds → net dipole ≠ 0 → permanent dipole-dipole interactions ✓
  • Hydrogen bonding: Requires H bonded to F, O, or N. Ethyl acetate has no O–H or N–H → cannot donate H-bonds ✗ (it can accept H-bonds from other molecules, but pure ethyl acetate liquid has no H-bond donors)

⚡ Ethyl acetate is a polar non-protic solvent — polar enough for dipole interactions but no H-bond capability.

Answer: London dispersion and dipole–dipole\boxed{\text{Answer: London dispersion and dipole–dipole}}

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