Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R: Assertion A: Zero orbital overlap is an out-of-phase…
Chemical Bonding · Class 11 · JEE Main Previous Year Question
Given below are two statements — Assertion A and Reason R:
Assertion A: Zero orbital overlap is an out-of-phase overlap.
Reason R: It results due to different orientation/direction of approach of orbitals.
Choose the correct answer:
- a
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- b
Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
- c
A is true but R is false
- d✓
A is false but R is true
A is false but R is true
🧠 Zero orbital overlap means the net overlap integral = 0 — not constructive, not destructive. Out-of-phase (destructive) overlap means the positive lobe of one orbital overlaps with the negative lobe of another → anti-bonding.
🗺️ Evaluate Assertion A:
"Zero orbital overlap is an out-of-phase overlap" — FALSE
- Zero overlap: net integral = 0 (e.g., s-orbital approaching a p-orbital perpendicularly — equal positive and negative overlaps cancel)
- Out-of-phase overlap: destructive interference, forms an anti-bonding MO; net overlap is negative, not zero
A is FALSE ✗
Evaluate Reason R:
"Zero overlap results due to different orientation/direction of approach of orbitals" — TRUE ✓
When orbitals approach in orientations where positive and negative lobes overlap equally (perpendicular approach of s and p), the net overlap is zero. This is indeed due to the direction/orientation of approach.
R is TRUE ✓
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